Researchers, led by Paul J. Hagerman, director of the NeuroTherapeutics Research Institute, have developed a new test that will measure the protein deficit responsible for fragile X syndrome. The test, described in a study published in The Journal of Molecular Diagnostics, is the first to measure an individual's level of the fragile X mental retardation 1 protein that plays a role in communication between nerve cells. The new test, called ELISA – for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay – will enhance investigation of the relationship between the protein and clinical involvement such as cognitive and behavioral problems.